د. محمد الطالب ادم حمدي, د. ابكر بشير ابكر, and ، د.عمر وداعة شيخ الدين, “The Reality of Administrative Efficiency among Principals of Arab Secondary Schools in the City of Abéché from the Perspective of Educational Supervisors”, ajashss, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 172–189, Oct. 2025.