Digital Economy Amid the New Global Transformations After 2020: Opportunities and Challenges

Abstract

The world has witnessed radical shifts that have led to the restructuring of the digital economy, starting from the COVID-19 pandemic—which transformed digital technology into an absolute necessity—to the ongoing global geopolitical conflicts. The information revolution now represents the most critical tool of competition between nations. In light of this rivalry, these transformations emerge as a challenge that countries must confront, as the digital economy has surfaced as a competitive instrument that determines the fate of nations based on their mastery of it. Within this context, exceptional opportunities for integration and growth intertwine with existential challenges threatening global stability. This research analyzes how these transformations have reshaped the rules of the international game and explores how innovation can be leveraged to turn threats into opportunities, while maintaining a delicate balance between digital sovereignty and global sovereignty.